Bone Marrow Transplant

Bone Marrow Transplant In India

A bone marrow transplant is a procedure to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells.

Bone marrow is the soft, fatty tissue inside your bones. The bone marrow produces blood cells. Stem cells are immature cells in the bone marrow that give rise to all of your different blood cells.

Description

Before the transplant, chemotherapy, radiation, or both may be given. This may be done in two ways:

Ablative (myeloablative) treatment: High-dose chemotherapy, radiation, or both are given to kill any cancer cells. This also kills all healthy bone marrow that remains, and allows new stem cells to grow in the bone marrow.

Reduced intensity treatment, also called a mini transplant: People receive lower doses of chemotherapy and radiation before a transplant. This allows older people, and those with other health problems to have a transplant.

There are 3 kinds of bone marrow transplants:

Autologous bone marrow transplant: The term auto means self. Stem cells are removed from you before you receive high-dose chemotherapy or radiation treatment. The stem cells are stored in a freezer. After high-dose chemotherapy or radiation treatments, your stems cells are put back in your body to make normal blood cells. This is called a rescue transplant.

Allogeneic bone marrow transplant: The term allo means other. Stem cells are removed from another person, called a donor. Most times, the donor's genes must at least partly match your genes. Special tests are done to see if a donor is a good match for you. A brother or sister is most likely to be a good match. Sometimes parents, children, and other relatives are good matches. Donors who are not related to you, yet still match, may be found through national bone marrow registries.

Umbilical cord blood transplant: This is a type of allogeneic transplant. Stem cells are removed from a newborn baby's umbilical cord right after birth. The stem cells are frozen and stored until they are needed for a transplant. Umbilical cord blood cells are very immature so there is less of a need for perfect matching. Due to the smaller number of stem cells, blood counts take much longer to recover.

A stem cell transplant is usually done after chemotherapy and radiation is complete. The stem cells are delivered into your bloodstream usually through a tube called a central venous catheter. The process is similar to getting a blood transfusion. The stem cells travel through the blood into the bone marrow. Most times, no surgery is needed.

Donor stem cells can be collected in two ways:

Bone marrow harvest: This minor surgery is done under general anesthesia. This means the donor will be asleep and pain-free during the procedure. The bone marrow is removed from the back of both hip bones. The amount of marrow removed depends on the weight of the person who is receiving it.

Leukapheresis: First, the donor is given several days of shots to help stem cells move from the bone marrow into the blood. During leukapheresis, blood is removed from the donor through an IV line. The part of white blood cells that contains stem cells is then separated in a machine and removed to be later given to the recipient. The red blood cells are returned to the donor.

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Reference:- MedilinePlus

Lung Transplant In india

A lung transplant is an operation to remove and replace a diseased lung with a healthy human lung from a donor. A donor is usually a person who has died, but in some cases a section of lung can be taken from a living donor.

Lung transplants are not carried out frequently in the UK; mainly due to the lack of available donors. From April 2013 to April 2014 there were 179 lung transplants performed in England.

A lung transplant is used to treat:

people with advanced lung disease who are failing to respond to other treatment

a person whose life expectancy is thought to be less than two to three years without a transplant

Conditions that can be treated with a lung transplant include:

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) – a general term that refers to a number of diseases that damage the lungs, most commonly as a result of smoking

cystic fibrosis – a genetic condition that causes the lungs and digestive system to become clogged up with a thick sticky mucus

pulmonary hypertension – high blood pressure inside the vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis – scarring of the lungs

Types of transplant

There are three main types of lung transplant:

a single lung transplant – where a single damaged lung is removed from the recipient and replaced with a lung from the donor; this is often used to treat pulmonary fibrosis but is not suitable for people with cystic fibrosis as infection will spread from the remaining lung to the donated lung

a double lung transplant – where both lungs are removed and replaced with two donated lungs; this is usually the treatment of choice for people with cystic fibrosis or COPD

a heart-lung transplant – where the set of lungs and the heart is removed and replaced with donated heart and lungs; this is often recommended for people with severe pulmonary hypertension

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Refernce:- NHS

Liver Transplant

Liver transplantation is a surgical procedure for the treatment of liver failure in which the surgeon replaces the diseased liver with a healthy liver from the donar for ensuring the better quality of life for the recipient. Liver Transplant is the only option for the end stage of liver disease. It is the second most transplanted organ after the kidney transplant.

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Kidney Transpalnt In India

A Kidney transplantat is the organ transplant of a kidney into a patient with end-stage renal disease. It is a surgical procedure to place a kidney from a live or deceased donor into a person whose kidneys no longer function properly.

We provides the treatment across the border for the management of kidney Transplant, with our affiliate kidney Transplant hospitals with specialized team of doctors in a conducive environment for the patients at affordable price. Our team of doctors, nurses, technicians and international patient care coordinator are there to ensure unparalleled excellence in patient care.

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Infertility treatments don’t appear to affect children’s development

A growing number of would-be parents are turning to infertility treatments to help them conceive. Such therapies can include medications that stimulate ovulation or direct placement of sperm into the uterus. More complex treatments are called assisted reproductive technologies (ART). ART approaches include in vitro fertilization (fertilization in a laboratory dish using eggs and sperm taken from the couple) and frozen embryo transfer (implantation of an embryo that had been previously frozen).

Some worry that ART may carry long-term health risks. To investigate, researchers from NIH, the New York State Department of Health, and University at Albany enrolled infants born to women in New York from 2008 to 2010. Parents of infants conceived using infertility treatment were invited to enroll, as were parents of twins and other multiples. The researchers also recruited infants conceived without infertility treatment for comparison. The study was funded by NIH’s Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).

To screen children for developmental disabilities, parents were asked to complete a questionnaire periodically until their children were 3 years old. The questions covered 5 developmental areas, or domains: fine motor skills, gross motor skills, communication, personal and social functioning, and problem-solving ability. More than 5,800 children were included in the analysis. Over 1,800 were conceived using infertility treatment, and more than 2,000 were twins. The results were published online on January 4, 2016, in JAMA Pediatrics.

Overall, children conceived through ART were at increased risk for failing one of the domains, with the greatest likelihood of failing the personal-social or problem-solving domains. However, twins were more likely to fail a domain than children born singly (singletons), regardless of the conception approach. When the researchers compensated for the higher percentage of twins in the ART group compared to the group not treated for infertility (34% vs. 19%), they found no significant differences between the groups.

Similarly, the researchers found no differences in the percentage of singleton children in the 2 groups who were referred for evaluation by developmental specialists (21% vs. 20%). Among children diagnosed with a disability at 3 to 4 years old, there was also no significant association with ART.

“When we began our study, there was little research on the potential effects of conception via fertility treatments on U.S. children,” says lead author Dr. Edwina Yeung of NICHD. “Our results provide reassurance to the thousands of couples who have relied on these treatments to establish their families.”

The researchers will continue to evaluate the children until they reach 8 years of age to assess possible later-onset problems. Families considering infertility treatments should talk with a health care provider about reducing the likelihood of multiple births.

Reference :- Medical Research News

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http://www.viezec.com/News/19/infertility-treatments-don%E2%80%99t-appear-to-affect-children%E2%80%99s-development

Medical Tourism India

 Medical Tourism in India is one of the growing sectors owing to the presence of specialized professionals, advanced infrastructure, highly sophisticated medical equipment’s and fractional cost of medical treatment and healthcare facilities when compared to other advanced countries with similar resources. The government has removed visa restrictions on tourist visas that required a two-month gap between consecutive visits for people from Gulf countries which is likely to boost medical tourism. A visa-on-arrival scheme for tourists from select countries has been instituted which allows foreign nationals to stay in India for 30 days for medical reasons.
India is also acutely aware of the quality perceptions of its visitors; many Indian hospitals that cater to foreign tourists meet the requirements of US health standards like Food and Drug Administration and Joint Commission Accreditation for hospitals, hoping to fight this notion. The health care sector in India has witnessed an enormous growth in infrastructure in the private and voluntary sector. The private sector, which was very modest in the early stages, has now become a flourishing industry equipped with the most modern state-of-the-art technology at its disposal.
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