A lung transplant is an operation to remove and replace a diseased lung with a healthy human lung from a donor. A donor is usually a person who has died, but in some cases a section of lung can be taken from a living donor.
Lung transplants are not carried out frequently in the UK; mainly due to the lack of available donors. From April 2013 to April 2014 there were 179 lung transplants performed in England.
A lung transplant is used to treat:
people with advanced lung disease who are failing to respond to other treatment
a person whose life expectancy is thought to be less than two to three years without a transplant
Conditions that can be treated with a lung transplant include:
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) – a general term that refers to a number of diseases that damage the lungs, most commonly as a result of smoking
cystic fibrosis – a genetic condition that causes the lungs and digestive system to become clogged up with a thick sticky mucus
pulmonary hypertension – high blood pressure inside the vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis – scarring of the lungs
Types of transplant
There are three main types of lung transplant:
a single lung transplant – where a single damaged lung is removed from the recipient and replaced with a lung from the donor; this is often used to treat pulmonary fibrosis but is not suitable for people with cystic fibrosis as infection will spread from the remaining lung to the donated lung
a double lung transplant – where both lungs are removed and replaced with two donated lungs; this is usually the treatment of choice for people with cystic fibrosis or COPD
a heart-lung transplant – where the set of lungs and the heart is removed and replaced with donated heart and lungs; this is often recommended for people with severe pulmonary hypertension
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Refernce:- NHS
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